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Power System - Valve coordinated control system to improve power system stability, research on measures to improve stability of the power system.
Power System Work - The addition of 14226 Mega VAT in the installed capacity of power plant in the sixth plan period represent an increase of 49.4 percent the total installed capacity of 2848 Mega VAT at the beginning of the six plan
There were however delays in the commissioning of the project extending in some case of several years for reason wearing from poor project management to lack of funds.
Tendency to spread available resources tiniali for several projects was also notice resulting in periods of most of such schemes.
The target of installed capacity of nuclear power 690 MWe out of wkich 455 MWe was achieved with the commissioning of the second unit (220MWe ) of Rajasthan atomic power station in April 1981 and Madras Atomic Power Station unit-1 (235 MWe) in July 1983.
The installed capacity of nuclear power increased to 1095 MWe by the end of the plan.
Insofar as ruler electrification is connected while the overall target of electrification of villages was exceeded, there was a shortfall of 30% in regards to the the energy session of irrigation pump set.
The performance of the states varied and shortfalls where considerable in the North Eastern region , West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Efforts were also made in improving the call quality and quantity spare parts availability operational standards and undertaking renovation and modernization of old units.
Power system based on carbon emission efficiency and energy structures.
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Hydro Power System Analysis
Result assessment of hydro electrical potential has been discussed earlier.
The Hydel thermal mix which was faulty at the end of the seventh plan.
Optimisation study on long-term power planning Rebel that without educate idle backup the overall cost of meeting the power demand is more expensive.
It would therefore be necessary to take corrective measures during the course of 7th and successive plans towards a better Hydel thermal balance
Study in the planning commission of the Hydel project Commissioner Hindi six plan had live and that the average gay tation period of Hydel project increase.
A) With a view to to ensuring timely implementation of a search project in future the following step would be required a better assessment of geological and environmental factors.
B) Stentering of a construction agencies in the terms of equipment organisation technical know-how and skilled manpower 3 development of optimal equipment both qualitatively and quality tool for various activity
D) Arranging on lease basic large and costly machinery for construction agencies regular flow of funds.
E) Regular flow of funds
Uprating and renovation hydroelectric power stations - number of power stations Commission during the three independence period have been delivering output lower than rated value.
Most of the Machines have already cultivated their normal life and require other replacement for renovation.
Some of the power stations commissioned during the 1970 also have inbuilt design problems officially with Bituminous windings.
On the other hand the power station Commissioned during the early years where conserve conservatively design and have certain input capacity reserve other in the turbine ,generator and excitor.
The design and manufacturing practices for the hydro electric equipment have since undergone a vast change
With improvement in the quality of material used in the manufacture of these equipment it is now possible to design more compact generating units to obtain higher output.
It is therefore propose to take advantage of the extra margins wherever available to operate the old machines under renovation making use of latest technology.
An additional capacity of of 858 MW is possible in this manner
Since such additions can be achieved at an economical cost touch screens will receive priority in the six plan.
Power Plant process control improvement in emergency.
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Electricity - Power Burden Energy Effect Top Tips.
Nuclear power System Engineering
Out of the total installed Power capacity in the country as on 31/ 3 /1985 nuclear power constituted 2.6% .
Its share in the total electricity generation in 1984 - 85 was 2.4 %.
India is one of the six countries in the world after the USA , USSR, UK, France and Canada which can design construct commission and operate a nuclear station all on its own.
Almost 88% of the cost of an Indian nuclear reactor now represent local cost.
The Division of Nuclear Energy has arranged an Atomic force profile which Targets accomplishing 10000 MWe before the century's over.
In the event that the time frame could be compacted atomic force will arise as a reasonable elective source contrasted with different structures.
Contingent upon the advancement made in the development of the authorized undertakings arrangement of assets for extra units may must be made.
One of the disadvantage at present it is a very long time taken to complete such projects.
In the event that the time frame could be compacted atomic force will arise as a reasonable elective source contrasted with different structures.
In the seventh plan commissioning of MAPP second and two units of 235 MWE at Narora are envisaged.
Work on the the Kakrapar project will be continued with a view to Commission the project in 1990 - 91 and 1991 - 92 .
Disable plan outlay also includes provision for four new units of 235 MW each to be commissioned in the eighth plan.
They will be set up in units of two at Rawabhata in Rajasthan and in Karnataka.
Presently the four units fall short of the number required to achieve the target of 10000 MW by the end of 2000 A. D.
Contingent upon the advancement made in the development of the authorized undertakings arrangement of assets for extra units may must be made
Work on design of the next higher size of 500 MW has been provided for and will be expedited.
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Integrated power system And Power System Meaning
Planning for generation , capacity additions and power system has proceeded on the assumption that the power system in each religion would operate in close integration and power would be exchanged between systems conforming to well established principles which would lead to optimal operation of the integrated system.
While facilities have been established and are also being strengthened, the problems of integrated operation of the regional system have not been resolved.
Basically this states in the region have to agree to a common operating frequency and other well defined control Philosophies like maintenance of reserve load Management by under frequency relay schemed merit order of backing down of generation during off peak hours etc.
The main issue that need Resolution in this regard are :
A) principal of assessing the benefits and cost of integrated operation and distributing themequitably among the constituent systems.
B) joint conceptualisation of an operation and control philosophy by all partners in integrated operation and translating in into practice , and
C) devising proper commercial agreement For interstate exchange of power with incentive for optimising power generation at regional level.
Since the idea of Regional Electricity Authority suggested by the committee on Power has not found favour with many states, the alternative proposal made for power exchange pool should be discussed and suitable arrangement finalised.
Not only there are economic to be achieved in an integrated power system but also these would be security and reliability in the availability of power.
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Employment - Unemployment Is The Tragedy Of Nation.
Organisational structureAnd Power System Diagram
The type of problems and the magnitude of tasks that the State Electricity Boards are called upon to perform are totally different from what they were about 6 - 8 years ago.
It is necessary in the light of past experience to identify the weakness and strength of of each Electricity Board where necessary through component consultants in the very first year of the 7th plan.
Necessary restructuring of the board as may be revealed from such study should be carried out
Unless this is done, the achievement are not likely to be commensurate with the investment made.
The Electricity Board are financially weak and there is a limit to which a tariff can be raised to cover the escalations of cost and time overruns mounting T and D losses hug inventories and excessive manpower.
Technology Powerpoint
There is no proposal at present to put up thermal units beyond 500 MW capacity during the next 5-7 years
While technologies is employed by the various manufacturers in the field of thermal , hydro and power system by and large , compare adequately with those being used in the advanced countriesm there are a number of areas needing improvement, which would have to be looked into and necessary steps taken to update Technology in These areas
Hydel manufacturing capacity in the country will have to be modified for manufacturing unit size higher than 165 Mega fat capacity
Indigenous suppliers should equip themselves adequately in the design and manufacturing Technologies required for reversible hydro units
Manufacturing capacity for fabrication of the bulb type generating you need also to be set up
Facilities for model testing of turbine runner required to be increased
Similarly, new methods of design of runner blade profiles by computer aided software power System need to be adopted
Site test of the turbines for efficiency.
